• Diabetes (Type 1 and Type 2)
• Thyroid diseases (hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, thyroiditis, nodular goiter)
• Obesity and metabolic disorders
• Osteoporosis
• Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
• Adrenal insufficiency – dysfunction of the adrenal glands
• Acromegaly – excessive production of growth hormone
• Hypogonadism – insufficient function of the gonads
• Cushing's syndrome – excess cortisol in the body
• Menstrual cycle disorders and infertility related to hormonal imbalances.

These conditions are key areas of diagnosis and treatment in endocrinology.

• Persistent fatigue, weakness, or drowsiness.
• Sudden weight changes (loss or gain) without obvious reasons.
• Mood problems, irritability, or depression.
• Frequent heart palpitations or hand tremors.
• Menstrual cycle disorders or infertility.
• Metabolic issues or obesity.
• Excessive thirst and frequent urination (signs of diabetes).
• Hair loss or increased nail brittleness.
• Feeling cold or hot without objective reasons.
• Enlargement of the thyroid gland (goiter) or discomfort in the neck area.

Hormonal blood tests:

• Thyroid hormone levels (TSH, T4, T3)
• Insulin, glucose, glycated hemoglobin (for diabetes diagnosis)
• Sex hormones (estradiol, testosterone, progesterone)
• Adrenal gland hormones (cortisol, aldosterone)
• Parathyroid hormone (for evaluating calcium metabolism)

Thyroid ultrasound:

• Detection of nodules, cysts, or structural changes in the gland.

Glucose tolerance test:

• Checking the body's response to sugar for diagnosing prediabetes or diabetes.

Urine test for metanephrine levels:

• For diagnosing adrenal gland dysfunctions.

• Conservative (medication therapy)
• Hormone therapy
• Insulin therapy
• Minimally invasive surgical treatment