Diagnosis and treatment of infertility
15% of couples worldwide face infertility, which is approximately 1 in 6 couples.
Timely diagnosis of infertility is important because the earlier treatment begins, the higher the chances of achieving the desired pregnancy.
What is infertility?
Infertility Diagnosis – when a couple is unable to conceive a child after 12 months of regular unprotected intercourse.
Main Types:
- Female: issues with ovulation, fallopian tubes, uterus, or endocrine system.
- Male: impaired sperm quality.
- Combined: factors are present in both partners.
Primary infertility – the absence of pregnancy in a woman or a couple altogether.
Secondary infertility – occurs after previous pregnancies.
Causes of infertility in women and men
Female Causes: hormonal disorders (polycystic ovary syndrome, endometriosis), fallopian tube obstruction, infections, and developmental abnormalities of reproductive organs. These conditions disrupt the normal functioning of the reproductive system.
Male Causes: low sperm quality, varicocele, hormonal imbalances, and inflammatory diseases. These conditions prevent fertilization of the egg.
Stress and harmful habits such as smoking and alcohol consumption can negatively affect reproductive health.
Infertility diagnostic methods
For Women:
- Hormone tests – help identify endocrine disorders.
- Pelvic ultrasound – allows assessment of the ovaries and uterus.
- Hysterosalpingography – examines the patency of the fallopian tubes.
- Laparoscopy – enables evaluation of pelvic organs and detection of pathologies that may cause infertility.
For Men:
- Semen analysis – assesses sperm count, quality, and motility.
- Infection tests – detect infectious diseases.
- Hormonal examinations – help identify endocrine disorders.
- Scrotal ultrasound – diagnoses varicocele, cystic formations, and other pathologies.
A consultation with a reproductive specialist is essential for diagnosing infertility and determining the optimal treatment. If necessary, other specialists, such as an endocrinologist or surgeon, may be involved.
Infertility treatment methods without ART
Hormonal Therapy: helps restore ovulation and correct hormonal imbalance.
Medication Therapy: treatment of infections and inflammation supports the normal functioning of the reproductive system.
Surgical Methods: laparoscopy for endometriosis removal, restoring fallopian tube patency, and treating varicocele.
Physiotherapy: improves blood circulation and reduces inflammation and discomfort.
The impact of lifestyle on fertility
A balanced diet rich in vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants supports hormonal balance and improves reproductive health.
Quitting smoking and alcohol consumption enhances sperm and egg quality, helps restore hormonal balance, and positively affects successful conception.
Regular physical activity maintains a healthy weight and overall endurance. Stress management normalizes hormonal levels to restore fertility.
Features of infertility treatment in different age groups
Young couples also face fertility issues. Possible causes include stress, lifestyle, genetics, irregular cycles, and lack of ovulation.
Infertility treatment after the age of 35 requires a prompt approach, as egg quality declines with age.
Fertility restoration after illnesses or surgeries may include hormonal therapy or physiotherapy.
Infertility prevention
Regular preventive examinations help detect reproductive health issues in a timely manner.
Vaccination against the human papillomavirus (HPV) is an effective prevention method for cervical cancer, reducing the risk of future complications.
To maintain reproductive health, it is important to undergo regular medical check-ups, lead a healthy lifestyle, avoid harmful habits, minimize stress, maintain a balanced diet, and stay physically active.
Frequently asked questions about infertility treatment
How quickly can ovulation be restored?
What tests are required at the first stage of diagnosis?
Does excess weight affect fertility?
Is natural conception possible after polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) treatment?
Timely consultation with a doctor for fertility problems allows you to start effective treatment on time.
Contact the necessary specialist. Get a comprehensive examination and take a step towards the desired pregnancy.